Nail fungi in the legs are a disease that is very easy to infect, and it is much harder to cure.Nail mushrooms do not disappear in themselves and it is very difficult to treat.
How can you get an infection with nail fungus
Six to eight percent of the adult population suffer from nail fungus.
Nail fungi infection is more common in men than in women as well as in older people than in young people.Additional signs or factors that increase the risk of nail fungus infection include the following:
- Reduce blood flow to the foot;
- If nails grow slowly;
- Family history of fungal infection (genetics);
- increased sweating of the feet;
- Work environment - wet or wet legs;
- wearing socks and shoes that prevent ventilation;
- walking barefoot in wet public places (swimming pools, sports halls and showers);
- damage or infections of the skin or nails;
- diabetes, aids, circulatory problems, weakened immune system;
- Strong pressure shoes on the fingers.
Systemic diseases, for example: for fungi of the feet, predisposing to fungi
- Diabetes mellitus,
- overweight,
- anemia,
- Hormonal disorders,
- gastrointestinal disorders,
- immune and cardiovascular systems,
- as well as long -term treatment with antibiotics,
- The reception of steroid therapy and chemotherapy.
Heat and humidity contribute to the growth of the fungus - if you do not wipe your legs thoroughly after washing, walk in air resistant shoes and wear socks from synthetics.The fungus develops when the nail plate is damaged to reduce very short in the legs, it can easily get under the nail.Wearing a shoe can weaken the nail plate, such as acrylic nails and varnishes.
Onychomycosis more often affects the feet on the feet than in the hands.It can be limited by a plate or switch to the neighboring ones.Usually, fungal nail infections affect the thumb and little finger.Probably because the inner surface of the shoe touches them above all.
Types of nail fungus
Nail fungal infections are caused by microscopic organisms that do not require sunlight to survive.In most cases, it is a group of fungi called dermatophyte (for example, Candida).However, some yeast and mold also cause these infections.
Although trichophyton dermatophytes is the most common cause of infection with nail fungus, interdigital trichophyton, Epidermophyton floccosum, trichophyton violaceum, microsporum gypsum, trichophyton tonsurans and trichophyton sudanens also can lead to infection.Common forms of fungi - neoscytalidium, scopulariopsis and aspergillus.
The pathogens of nail fungus, as a rule, fall under the skin through small incisions or small cracks between the nails and the nail bed.They grow when the environment provides them with a hot, wet climate.
What the nail fungus looks like - symptoms
Initially The infected nail with a fungus gradually changes its appearance.The straps appear - first white, then yellow, and, finally, brown.The peeling appears on the nail, relaxes and becomes thicker, it becomes difficult to cut.Nail smell bad because mushroom deposits accumulate under the nails.
The doctor, after examination, can immediately determine onycomycosis.However, sometimes, the picture of the disease is not clear, and the laboratory tests must be performed.Samples taken from nails and fragments of nail plates under a microscope can confirm that the disease is actually caused by the fungus.Sometimes in the laboratory a fungus is cultivated by the sample to determine the chosen species and medicine.
Before choosing, you cannot paint your nails, lubricate your feet with creams or powders.
In the second phase - Nails infected with fungi usually thicken, become fragile, broken, coated, curved, dull and dark, yellow or brown.
The patient can also suffer from onycolic, when individual nail areas are missing, exposing the nail bed.Sometimes nail infections fungi can lead to pain in the fingers and cause an unpleasant odor.
Another symptom associated with fungal infections is damage to the skin near the nail.There may be a rash or itching that looks like an allergic reaction.
Diagnosis of nail fungus
To diagnose nail fungus, as a rule, the doctor must study the incision and microorganisms under the nail.
Doctors should be careful when diagnosing nail infections fungi due to some other conditions that can cause such symptoms.These include psoriasis, flat red lichen, contact dermatitis, damage, nail bed tumors, eczema.The crop (planting) of the fungus can take several weeks.
How to determine the nail fungus at home
Not only is it simple to do it:
We will need potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate), water and a pelvis.
Take water to the pelvis in order to completely cover the toes.Pour some potassium permanganate into the water so that the water becomes bright - pink (fuchsia color).Place the feet or arms in the water for 5-10 minutes.
Then we extract and examine the nails carefully.If they are made completely brown, then everything is okay - the nails are healthy.But if there are areas that have not changed color - they are infected with nail fungus.
Treatment of nail fungus
Treating nail infections Fungi can be a long and expensive process.
Oral medicines for the treatment of infection, as a rule, should be taken up to four months until replacing a fully infected nail in the finger.These medicines are prescribed by a dermatologist according to certain schemes.Since the drug acts on the liver and blood composition, it is necessary to do tests before and during treatment.
In the initial phase of the fungus, local medicines - ointments and spray help well.
Antimicotics - The most effective remedy of local therapy, as they are most active in relation to onycomycosis pathogens.Among many local medicines against nail fungus, only 2 can be called medicines for the treatment of onychomycosis themselves, as they are available in the most suitable form for this - in the form of nail plate.The remaining antifungal drugs are most commonly used in the treatment of fungal skin infections.
Lacquer
Special nail policies designed to treat nail fungus allow you to better antimicotics through the nail plate deep in the nail bed.Moreover, the spray film, freezing on the surface of the nail, prevents the drug's evaporation from the nail and creates a barrier to infection.
The main advantage of modern spray used in the treatment of onychomycosis is that they can be applied to the nail plate without removing it.The remaining medicines cannot penetrate the nail plate, which requires its preliminary removal or at least significant thinning.
Current antimycotics, which are part of the varnish, are delayed on the nail for a long time after application, effective concentrations are stored for at least 7 days.This allows varnish 1 or 2 times a week.
Batrafen spray is applied daily for month 1 of treatment, 2 times a week for the 2nd month, and then once a week.
Before starting treatment, each spray should be removed as much from the affected nail plate.The remaining nail plate on which the varnish will be applied must be seen with the attached file to create an uneven surface.The spray is applied with the attached brush or shoulder.Before each spray app, the previous layer is removed using a solvent or attached alcohol tampon and a nail plate is treated with a file.A layer of varnish can be removed by placing a nail in warm water and chopping the scissors.
The duration of treatment depends on the speed of growing a healthy nail plate.For the treatment of onycomycosis, there are many 6 months in the hands, on foot-9-12 months.
Current methods of local fungal treatment include nail plate, such as cyclopirox besides other creams.Ointments and local creams can cleanse the nail fungus infection, but often do not completely cure the infection.
In some extreme cases, the doctor may recommend removing the nail.
Alternative medicines used to treat fungal nail infections include Australian tea oil extract and grapefruit seeds.However, there is no scientific evidence in support of the use of these products.
Effective antifungal medicine
There are 3 effective antifungal medicines for oral (oral) administration.All three medicines have serious side effects and can interact with many other medicines.Patients taking antifungal medication should periodically take tests to control the function of the liver and blood cells.Octus antifungal agents continue to work even after treatment with the medicine.
None of the oral antifungal agents can be obtained during pregnancy.
PREVENTION
- Put a pair of new socks every day.Ocklasses should be made of natural fibers such as silk, wool or cotton.These fibers allow moisture to be removed from the foot and contributes to the distribution of air around the big toe and foot.If your feet or socks become wet from sweat, you need to remove them as soon as possible, dry your feet with a clean towel and put a new pair of socks.
- Wearing the same pair of shoes, day after day, can have a negative effect on the foot and expose you to bacteria and fungi.When saving your shoes, you need to make sure it is stored in a welcome room for complete drying.It is advisable to have some sneakers and change them before going to the gym so that these steams have optimal drying time.And finally, wear shoes before entering the shower, sauna or fitness.This is fertile soil for fungi that cause onycomycosis and other bacterial infections.
- There are ways to avoid infection and help a manicure and pedicure specialist to prevent nail fungus before it begins.The first sentence, bring your spray with you.This is an easy way to prevent infection when using general spray - when the fungus falls directly to the nail bed.The second proposal is the requirement to sterilize all manicure and pedicure equipment.Eachdo device must be properly disinfected and stored.And finally, the bathtub for the pedicure.This is a blessing for bacteria, which only expect to infect your nails.If you are not sure that the bath is cleaned with the relevant disinfectant after each customer, try to avoid this at all costs.
- Fungal infections are a common sign of a suppressed immune system.Enriching your diet with nutrients and vitamins, of course, can help prevent bacteria.Eat more garlic for food.Tea tree oil is also a natural antifungal agent.Peel the nail area at the tea tree oil feet.Black black extract can function well in preventing onychomycosis.
- General use can lead to infections and cause a fungus fungus in the finger.The fungus can be transmitted from person to person.Maximum prevention is not to share towels, shoes, scissors with someone else.And, as we always recommend, to treat nail fungus at the dermatologist in the first signs of infection.